In the 60s, the development of new technologies and the formation of large territorial-industrial complexes in Siberia and the East of the country posed many medical and biological problems in studying the interaction of the human body with a large complex of production and environmental factors.. Decreased incidence, effective prevention, the preservation and development of human health required the creation of a genuine "health industry" based on a deep study of molecular biological, physical and chemical, immunological and other patterns of human life. By the decision of the Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (Minutes No. 17 of May 6, 1970) and by order of the Minister of Health No. 545 of August 10, 1970. in Novosibirsk was organized by the Federation Council of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences and IKEM. The initiator of organizing a branch in Siberia became the first chairman of the branch and director of the institute, at that time the rector of the Medical Institute, Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences V.P.. Treasurer.

The following main directions of scientific activity were determined for the new academic institute: study of physiological, biological and immunological changes in the human body in the process of adaptation; development of systems for the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic diseases of various body systems, arising in the process of adaptation. In 1972, IKEM was approved as the lead institution on the problem of federal significance "Physiology and pathology of human adaptation mechanisms in various climatic, geographical and industrial regions of Siberia, Far East and Far North".

A team of scientists from the IKEM of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences developed a targeted comprehensive interregional program "Human Adaptation", in the development of this direction, the program "Northern House" was developed, as a new section in the global human ecology, aimed at solving the main medical and biological problems of preserving and developing the health of indigenous and alien populations in the conditions of modern development of the Far North. During these years, IKEM scientists discovered a new biological phenomenon, dubbed polar tension syndrome, as a special form of adaptive chronic tension of the organism, which is based on a whole range of subcellular, cellular and organismal changes, observed under the complex impact on humans of environmental factors of high latitudes. This syndrome manifests itself as a complex of general pathological systemic syndromes and is characterized by a tendency to a sluggish chronic course of diseases., insufficiency of repair processes and a tendency to sclerogenic reactions.

To strengthen scientific and medical activities in 1982 year, a clinic began operating at IKEM on 200 beds, which had four therapeutic departments with a specialization in the field of pulmonology, cardiology, gastroenterology, rehabilitation and rehabilitation treatment, and intensive care unit.

For more information about the creation of IKEM - see. in the section "Documents of NIIECM" the document "Treasurers V.P.. IKEM 25 years".

IKEM was organizationally created as an institution of interdisciplinary, very complex structure, able to form ready-made teams, in the future capable of creating specialized large institutions. Left IKEM 5 new major institutions - see. in the section "Documents of NIIECM" the document "Main dates in the history of NIIECM FITs FTM", and IKEM after their departure was transformed into the Research Institute of General Pathology and Human Ecology, then NTSKEM and further NIIECM. The main results of the scientific activity of IKEM - see. in the section "Documents of NIIECM" the document "Help of IKEM 1990 year"; NIIOPECH - document "Reference NIIOPECH 2001 year", NTSKEM - document "Help NTSKEM 2010 year".

AT 2018 year four research institutes - NIIECM, Research Institute of Biochemistry, Research Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The Institute of Molecular Pathology and Pathomorphology reintegrated at a new stage in the development of fundamental science into the FRC FTM. This was due to, that there are new opportunities for an interdisciplinary approach to solving scientific problems, and the intellectual potential of the united scientific institutions created the possibility of generating new ideas and their development without the risk of losing not only their own already formed, but also others, proposed for joint decision, scientific directions.

From foundation to 1998 years director of IKEM (more Research Institute of General Pathology and Human Ecology) was the organizer, outstanding thinker, talented scientist, therapist, a pathologist, environmentalist, Academician RAN (RAMS), Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor KAZNACHEEV Vlail Petrovich (cm. in the section "Documents of NIIECM" the document "KAZNACHEEV Vlail Petrovich"; the document "Kaznachev V.P. The Phenomenon of Man and the Problems of Siberian Eurasianism”; document “Opening of the memorial plaque in memory of V.P.. Kaznacheeva"). S 1998 on 2000 the Institute was headed by Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor DENISOV Valery Nikolaevich; With 2001 on 2016 year - Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Academician RAN, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor SHKURUPY Vyacheslav Alekseevich (cm. in the section "Documents of NIIECM" the document "SHKURUPY Vyacheslav Alekseevich"); With 2016 years before the reorganization into the FTC FTM - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor SHESTOPALOV Alexander Mikhailovich. Currently, the institute is headed by a doctor of biological sciences, Professor SELYATITSKAYA Vera Georgievna.