Main scientific directions:

  • study of molecular pathology and morphogenesis of the most important socially significant diseases of the main body systems in modern environmental conditions; development of molecular and morphological methods for diagnosing and predicting alterative and plastic changes in organs and tissues to evaluate the effectiveness of new methods of treatment;
  • study of clinical, morphological and molecular genetic mechanisms of the development of persistent infections and oncohematological diseases; creation of algorithms for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy;
  • study of cellular and molecular biological mechanisms of organ and tissue remodeling and development of technologies for induction of regenerative reactions under cytopathic effects.

Methodological basis of research:

Scientific analysis of pathological processes, underlying disease, life-time diagnostics and prognostic assessment of diseases based on biopsy material studies;

  • Morpho study- and thanatogenesis of diseases (on the basis of an autopsy);
  • Experimental modeling of acute and chronic pathological processes; study of molecular-cellular and molecular-genetic mechanisms of diseases in general;
  • The principle of structural-functional interactions (interorgan, interstitial, intercellular and intracellular);
  • Comprehensive clinical and morphological analysis;
  • Development of the foundations of personalized pathogenetic therapy and prevention

A methodology for in vivo morphological examination of samples of various organs has been developed (biopsy specimens, flushes, scrapings, prints) using light and electron microscopy, radio autography in vitro, morphometry and stereology. The proposed morphological criteria for assessing the structural and metabolic state of tissues and cells are used as a kind of bioindicators of the body's "health reserves" at the tissue and cellular levels..
Much attention is paid to the improvement of diagnostic and prognostic measures., creation of a theoretical and practical basis for the development of new means of prevention, as well as the creation of the foundations of pathogenetic therapy and classification of diseases. The Institute is a diagnostic and training center for a number of Siberian regions on biopsy diagnostics of the most important human diseases - viral hepatitis, tumors, chronic lung diseases, hearts, kidney, gastrointestinal tract. A methodology for in vivo morphological examination of samples of various organs has been developed (biopsy specimens, flushes, scrapings, prints) using light and electron microscopy, radio autography in vitro, morphometry and stereology. The proposed morphological criteria for assessing the structural and metabolic state of tissues and cells are used as a kind of bioindicators of the body's "health reserves" at the tissue and cellular levels..
Based on the current stage of morphological research at the Institute, along with traditional basic methods (light microscopy, histochemistry, electron microscopy, morphometry, stereology), new methods introduced, based on the achievements of molecular biology (PCR, immunohistochemistry, radio autograph).

During its existence, the Institute of Molecular Pathology and Pathomorphology has carried out fundamental research on myocardial pathology, which cover almost all known nosologies and are based both on autopsy, as well as experimental material. The most important and priority results of these fundamental studies include:

  • detection of molecular modifications of myofibrillar proteins and identification of independent types of damage to cardiomyocytes, which form the morphological basis of acute myocardial pathology with subsequent possible outcome in necrosis, which made it possible to improve the diagnosis of prenecrotic myocardial damage;
  • new knowledge about the morphogenesis of alterative and regenerative-plastic heart failure and the nature of heart remodeling depending on the types of damage, forms of death and regenerative strategies of cardiomyocytes;
  • development of the concept of dyslipidemic cardiomyopathies, general patterns of lipid-induced damage to cardiomyocytes and endotheliocytes of intramural vessels in the absence of atherosclerotic plaque formation, which radically changes the understanding of the pathomorphogenesis of heart failure in the atherosclerotic process;
  • identification of several variants of remodeling of the "atherosclerotic" heart;
  • development of the concept of the regenerative potential of the myocardium - the multilevel organization of regenerative processes in the myocardium - the implementation of intracellular and cellular forms of regeneration; established, that the replication pool includes predominantly pre-existing non-terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes, the division of which ensures the maintenance of the total number of cardiomyocytes in the heart under cytopathic effects and determines the nature of myocardial reparative regeneration;
  • creation of a theoretical basis for the development of new ways to optimize reparative processes in myocardial infarction, aimed at reducing the intensity of inflammation and sclerotic processes, stimulation of neoangiogenesis;
  • establishing regularities and features of structural reorganization of the myocardium under the influence of extreme environmental factors.

The most important area of ​​research, held at the Institute, – lifetime diagnostics and predictive assessment of diseases based on studies of biopsy and surgical materials, scientific analysis of the pathological process, underlying disease. These studies are also critical to the development of new diagnostic and treatment technologies.. From the moment the Institute was founded, these studies were led by a well-known domestic pathologist - Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Nepomnyashchikh Galina Ivanovna.

Among the most significant intravital morphological studies, based on the study of biopsy and surgical material, It should be noted:

  • study of the morphogenesis of chronic diseases of the gastroduodenal, respiratory and excretory systems in modern environmental conditions with the allocation of three options for structural and functional changes - primary dystrophic, primary inflammatory and mixed;
  • in the field of gastropathology - the establishment of two different morphogenesis chronic pathological processes in the stomach - gastritis and gastropathy;
  • obtaining new knowledge about the morphogenesis and molecular biological mechanisms of the progression of fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver in viral hepatitis (B and C), identification of different variants of liver remodeling depending on the nature of the lesion;
  • developed a method for complex pathomorphological diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis by biopsy, including light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, PCR study and stereological analysis;
  • analysis of the nature and prevalence of myelofibrosis in various phases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and myeloid leukemia, depending on the characteristics of the tumor lesions of the bone marrow and in the dynamics of chemotherapy, which is of great importance for the prognosis and outcome of hemoblastoses, selection of optimal chemotherapy regimens; development of a method for automated morphometric diagnosis of myelofibrosis;
  • Establishment of patterns of structural modifications of the mucous membrane of the artificial esophagus in stenoses of esophagogastroanastomosis, transplant gastropathy, dumping syndrome with the allocation of morphological features of the most significant pathological conditions of the artificial esophagus;
  • identification of features and patterns of structural reorganization of the bladder mucosa in chronic cystitis, including persistent dysuria, cystopathies, chronic prostatitis, leukoplakia of the bladder, overactive bladder in benign prostatic hyperplasia;
  • development of the concept of structural and functional reorganization of the prostate gland under the influence of adverse factors of chemical production, characterizing this pathological condition as prostatopathy of production or mixed genesis;
  • Establishment of structural and functional mechanisms for the development of chronic pelvic pain syndrome in women of reproductive age and peri- and postmenopausal periods.

New medical technologies developed at the Institute are used in diagnostic and treatment work, when performing scientific research, in organizing and conducting learning processes, in the development of innovative programs. Carrying out clinical and morphological studies became possible thanks to cooperation with leading clinicians, working like in Novosibirsk, as well as other cities. Here, first of all, it should be noted the long-term fruitful relations with clinical scientists of the Novosibirsk State Medical University, Altai State Medical University, Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Altai branch of the Russian Cancer Research Center named after. N.N. Blokhin
Much attention is paid to the training of highly qualified scientific personnel. The Institute has a dissertation council for the defense of dissertations for the degree of Doctor of Science and Candidate of Science in the specialties "Pathological Anatomy", "cell biology, cytology, histology". The Council was awarded the Honorary Diploma of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission "For great merits in the work on attestation of scientific and scientific and pedagogical personnel".

During the existence of the Institute, its employees have published more than 1000 scientific papers in leading Russian and foreign publications. Prepared and published by over 30 monographs, many of which are the most complete and in-depth studies on myocardial pathology, bronchi, gastroenteric system, among them:

  • Regenerative-plastic insufficiency of the heart: morphological bases and molecular mechanisms. - Moscow, 2003.
  • Morphological and molecular genetic basis of dilated cardiomyopathy. - Moscow, 2004.
  • Pathomorphology of cardiac muscle cells under the action of cyclophosphamide and triterpenoids. - M., 2009;
  • Bronchial biopsy: Morphogenesis of general pathological processes in the lungs. - M., 2005;
  • Liver biopsy: Pathomorphogenesis of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. - M., 2006;
  • Biopsy in gastroenterology. - M., 2009;
  • Morphogenesis of metabolic damage to skeletal muscles. - M., 2005;
  • Pathomorphology of cardiac muscle cells under the action of cyclophosphamide and triterpenoids. - Moscow, 2009.
  • adrenal glands: Ultrastructural reorganization under extreme impacts and aging. - M., 2009;
  • Pathomorphology of the artificial esophagus with plastic gastric tube. - M., 2012;
  • Biopsy in hepatology: General pathology and pathomorphology. - M., 2014;
  • Mathematical modeling of the functioning and regulation of the biological system p53-Mdm2. - M., 2014;
  • Combined pathology in urogynecology. Diagnosis and treatment. - M., 2014;
  • Lymphoproliferative diseases: Clinical and pathomorphological, functional, molecular immunological and genetic study of organotoxicity and prognosis. – Novosibirsk, 2016;
  • Morphological characteristics of the placenta under physiological conditions, taking into account the age, anthropometric and ethnic factors. - M., 2018.

The conceptual approaches summarized in these fundamental works had a great influence on the formation and development of scientific areas and research in the Siberian region and Russia..