The institute was established in October 1998 G. based on the unification of the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology and Ecological Biochemistry (year of formation 1992) and Research Institute of Medical and Biological Cybernetics (year of formation 1992) Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

AT 2018 year, the Institute became part of the FIC FTM as a structural subdivision.

The works of the Institute were awarded the Prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1985 Mr.), Prizes of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences named after. N.I. Pirogov (1994 Mr.), State Prize for Science and Technology of the Russian Federation 1998 of the year, Prizes of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology (2005 Mr.)

The Institute is headed by Valentin Andreevich Vavilin, Doctor of Medical Sciences.

Researchers of NIIMBB – authors about 40 monographs and more 1500 articles in high-ranking foreign and Russian journals. NIIMBB employees were awarded the State Prize of the Russian Federation in Science and Technology for their work “Microsomal oxidation and drug metabolism: mechanisms of oxidative reactions, catalyzed by cytochromes P450, and their modeling”, Prizes of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences named after N.I.. Pirogov RAMS for the series of works “Systemic mechanisms of adaptive-compensatory reactions under the influence of environmental factors on the body”, medals P. Erlich for special achievements in medical and social medicine by the Union of Scientists, students of nature and society (Hanover, Germany).

The laboratories of the institute are an experimental base for the implementation of candidate and doctoral dissertations of practicing doctors of medical institutions of the city of Novosibirsk, term papers and theses of students of Novosibirsk University, Siberian Medical University (G. Tomsk), Pedagogical University, where students acquire research skills. For many years, the staff of the institute have been teaching and heading departments in these universities. Under their leadership, prepared and protected 52 PhD and 8 doctoral dissertations.       

They are members of scientific international and Russian professional communities In addition, the researchers of NIIMBB are members of Russian and international scientific communities (Russian Society of Genetics and Breeding (VOGIS); European Cancer Union (UICC); Russian Society of Biochemists and Molecular Biologists (FEBS);Russian Society of Clinical Oncology (RUSSCO) ; European Society of Medical Oncology (ALMOST),  members of dissertation councils, ,  members of the editorial boards of scientific journals , in particular "Biomedical Chemistry", "Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics" "Almanac of Clinical Medicine", “Frontiers in Oncology”, "Advances in Molecular Oncology", "Bulletin of Siberian Medicine", "Bulletin of NSU", as well as elected bodies of professional societies of scientists: Central Council of the Russian Biochemical Society, Council of the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics (ISSX), Scientific and Technical Council on the complex problem "Proteomics. New Technologies in Biology and Medicine” under the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.

Take an active part in scientific congresses and conferences in our country and abroad: for the past five years, research materials of the Institute’s team have been presented at 42 scientific forums.

The scientific team of the institute is one of the leaders in our country and abroad in the field of biological oxidation systems and xenobiochemistry. The first works were devoted to the problems of bioenergy – elucidation of the non-phosphorylating effects of adenine nucleotides on mitochondrial functions and ion transport; within the framework of these studies, it was possible to establish a new mechanism for controlling the energization of mitochondria through reversible changes in the membrane permeability to ions at the level of adenine nucleotide carriers. Studies of the transport of adenine nucleotides in mitochondria have shown, that the natural regulators of this process, a, Means, and oxidative phosphorylation in general, are acyl coenzymes A. This mechanism of regulation of bioenergetic processes in the body plays an important role under normal conditions and may be the cause of their disturbances in pathological situations..

A significant stage of research work – study of free-radical processes of lipid peroxidation (POL) in biomembranes - a key phenomenon in many pathological conditions. On model systems and natural membranes, the characteristics of enzymatic lipid peroxidation and factors, controlling this process, the decisive role of the superoxide radical in the initiation of lipid peroxidation was emphasized, established, that in endoplasmic membranes the main center of radical formation is NADPH-specific flavoprotein.

Since the beginning of the 1980s, the main and successfully developing direction of scientific activity has been fundamental and applied research on enzyme systems for the biotransformation of xenobiotics in humans and animals.. The development of methods for the preparative biochemistry of cytochromes P-450 made it possible to obtain a number of forms of these proteins in pure form., create a bank of monoclonal antibodies, which made it possible to quantify the molecular forms of cytochrome P-450 in biological samples.

Studies of the mechanisms of monooxygenase reactions have been carried out, studied the properties of electron carriers – NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and multiple forms of cytochrome P450 in microsomes, purified protein preparations, reconstructed membrane systems; new knowledge about the localization of active centers was obtained, stoichiometry and interaction of protein components of monooxygenases in membranes, molecular modeling of the active centers of cytochromes P4501A1 and 2B1 was carried out; a new class of inhibitors of monooxygenase reactions has been developed, covalently binding to the SH group of the cytochrome P450 active center, the possibility of transporting inhibitors in vivo to liver cells in liposomes in order to stop (braking) biotransformation of xenbiotics into toxic and mutagenic products.

An important area of ​​work was the study of the theoretical and applied foundations of the induction of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes. (FBK), within which two phenomena are found, significantly expanding existing ideas about the mechanisms of cytochrome P-450 gene expression. One of which – subfamily 2B induction by chemically unrelated compounds, which makes it possible to identify- and tissue-specific regulatory factors; analysis of another phenomenon - non-chemical induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 stimulated research on natural factors, initiating this process in the absence of an exogenous chemical inductor.

In the 1990s, attention was focused on the problems of human chemical ecology.. It was at this time that, on the basis of fundamental research, a set of methods for assessing the systems of xenobiotic metabolism in humans was developed., including determination of the genotypes of the cytochromes of interest and non-invasive pharmacokinetic analysis of their activity using test drugs, it has been successfully tested as a basis for bioindication and biomonitoring of chemical and radiation effects in ecologically unfavorable regions (Altai, Novosibirsk region, Kuzbass). In the experiment, this complex was supplemented by immunochemical and enzyme immunoassay determination of the molecular forms of cytochrome P450.

For the first time in Russia, an ecogenetic assessment of the populations of the West Siberian region and the Far North was started based on polymorphic genes of enzymes for the biotransformation of foreign chemical compounds.. A lot of work has been done to identify multifactorial pathology, the formation of which is largely due to specific allelic variants of genes for enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism. Allelic variants of polymorphic FBK genes and their combinations were found, having a high risk significance in the pathogenesis of some chronic nonspecific lung diseases and oncological diseases.

The scientific interest of the institute in recent years is genomic medicine.

In close cooperation with institutions of practical health care, research on the molecular genetic foundations of the formation of socially significant diseases is being intensively developed., in two directions: gene polymorphism and the development of multifactorial diseases. The role of several individual xenobiotic metabolism genes has been established, gene-gene effects- and "gene-environment"- interactions in determining predisposition to a number of oncological and allergic diseases. The influence of genetic factors on drug response is being studied, first of all, the role of polymorphism of genes of transport proteins and xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes in the formation of multidrug resistance of tumor cells in oncohematological patients; analyzes the reorganization of the genome in tumor cells and the optimal variant of breast cancer therapy associated with the tumor genotype. Search for new molecular genetic markers of tumor tissue transformation is underway, new molecular biological prediction technologies that are in great demand in clinical practice are being developed, more accurate diagnosis and effective personalized drug therapy and prevention of allergic and oncological diseases. Research in these areas has led to a number of priority results for domestic science., opening the prospect of studying molecular mechanisms, underlying identified associations.